1. NOUNS
A noun is a word that names a person, place, a thing, or an idea.

Examples
Person:  teacher, uncle, niece, Joey
Place:  garage, city, park, school
Thing:  paw, giraffe, bicycle, ice cream, doorknob
Idea:  democracy, fame, love, disappointment

2. PRONOUNS
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun.
The word or group of words to which a pronoun refers is called its antecedent.

Examples
I, me, we, us, you, he, him, she, her, they, them, it

3. VERBS
A verb is a word that expresses action or a state of being.  A verb is necessary to make a statement.

Examples
The students begin their homework.            Studying grammar rocks.
Lisa entered class late.                                  To me, it seems boring.

4. ADJECTIVES
An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or pronoun by limiting its meaning.  An adjective tells what kind, which one, how many, or how much.

Examples
round window            six oranges              that hat               adult cat
romantic story           many ideas           these books         Scottish wool
interesting book         enough cups          third time           scary thought

5. ADVERBS
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by making its meaning more specific.  Ad verbs modify by answering the questions “When?” “Where?” “How?” and “To what degree?”.

Examples
His phone rings often.                           The speaker will stand here.
Kim carefully polished the car.            After getting caught shoplifting, Joe ran quickly.

6. PREPOSITIONS
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other word in a sentence.

Examples of Commonly Used Prepositions
aboard, about, above, across, after, against, along, amid, among, around, as, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides, between, beyond, by, concerning, despite, down, during, except, excepting, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, onto, opposite, out, outside, over, past, pending, regarding, since, through, throughout, to, toward, under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon, with, within, without…

7. CONJUNCTIONS
A conjunction is a word that joins single words or groups of words.
A coordinating conjunction joins words or groups of words that have equal grammatical weight in a sentence.
A subordinating conjunction joins words or groups of words that do not have equal grammatical weight in a sentence.
 

Coordinating Conjunctions		Subordinating Conjunctions
and, but, or, so, nor, for, yet		after, although, as (if), because, before, if, since, unless, until, when(ever), whereas, while

8. INTERJECTIONS
An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation.
An interjection has no grammatical connection to other words.

Examples
Oh, I didn’t know he had three eyes.          Whew, it’s hot in this classroom.
Ouch!  That hurts!                                         Why, children!

Other Examples
Wow   Oops   Ssh   Ah
Well   Psst   Yikes   Alas

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